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Hell's Half Acre Lava Field
Hell's Half Acre Lava Field is a basaltic lava plain located on the Snake River Plain of Idaho in the United States. It is the easternmost of the basaltic lava fields on the Snake River Plain,〔 located about west of Idaho Falls, Idaho and north of Pocatello, Idaho.〔Alt and Hyndman, ''Roadside Geology of Idaho,'' 1989, p. 257.〕 In 1976, the National Park Service designated the northwestern portion of the site a National Natural Landmark.〔(''National Registry of National Landmarks,'' June 2009, p. 27. )〕 In 1986, the Bureau of Land Management recommended that of the site, located just southeast of the National Natural Landmark, to be a wilderness study area.〔Bureau of Land Management, ''Eastern Idaho Proposed MFP Amendment and Final Environmental Impact Statement, Wilderness. Eastern Idaho Wilderness Study,'' 1986.〕
==Description of the site==
The Hell's Half Acre lava plain is located in Bingham and Bonneville counties in the state of Idaho. The site is about in size.〔 The area where a former lava lake existed is marked by a long by wide depression near the summit of the lava field.〔Link and Mink, ''Geology, Hydrogeology, and Environmental Remediation: Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory, Eastern Snake River Plain, Idaho,'' 2001, p. 117.〕 Ten circular pits and two large lava tubes are also located near the summit.〔 Two major lava flows, each about long by wide, extend from the main lava field to the south and southwest.〔〔 These two lava flows surround "Morgans Pasture," a kipuka (or older geologic feature which was not covered by lava).〔 More recently, scientists studying aerial photographs of the site discovered a long eruptive fissure partly buried under lava flows just from the northwest boundary of the lava field.〔 This and other features of the site indicate that the fissure vent itself may be long.〔
The site is fairly accessible. Interstate 15 just crosses the southeast corner of the lava field.〔Purple and Owens, ''Perilous Passage: A Narrative of the Montana Gold Rush, 1862-1863,'' 1996, p. 51.〕 Two trails have been marked by U.S. Bureau of Land Management personnel. The shorter long trail is marked by blue flags, and takes about 30 minutes to walk.〔Fanselow, ''Idaho: Off the Beaten Path,'' 2006, p. 117.〕 The longer, long trail is marked by red flags, and takes a full day to walk.〔 The latter trail leads to the central vent.〔 A short trail (about in length) with educational signage along the way may be accessed from the north parking lot near the Hell's Half Acre rest area on I-15.〔(''The Lava Trail System,'' Bureau of Land Management, no date. )〕〔Spilde, "Idaho's Cool Rest Areas," ''Idaho Falls Post Register,'' June 9, 2000.〕 A second trail (about in length) with educational signage may be accessed from the south parking lot.〔〔 This longer trail has a gazebo and scenic overlook at about the midpoint.〔 There is also a long handicapped-accessible paved loop with educational signage as well.〔〔 All trails are closed in winter.〔〔 Over 100,000 people used the trails in 2007.〔(Bureau of Land Management, ''Analysis of the Management Situation, Upper Snake Field Office,'' December 2009, p. 2-193. )〕
The Hell's Half Acre lava plain is home to a variety of plant species. Among them are bitterbrush, bluebunch wheatgrass, foothills death camas, evening primrose, ferns, geraniums, gray rabbitbrush, Indian paintbrush, needle-and-thread grass, penstemon, prickly pear cactus, sagebrush, Utah juniper, and wild onion.〔〔Garrison, "Take a Walk on the Wild Side—Spotting Native Plants," ''Idaho Falls Post Register,'' June 11, 2003; ("Previous Events - June 7 - Hell's Half Acre," ''Sage Notes,'' Fall 2008, p. 17. )〕 Wildlife is also abundant. Species commonly found here include bobcats, coyotes, golden eagles, mule deer, prairie falcons, pronghorn, red foxes, red-tailed hawks, and sage grouse.〔
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